More details of your project are really needed.
Yes, easy.
Have a look in the manuals for testing the condition (high or low ) of an Input pin.
At the very easiest level you say if Pin1=1 then Increment My_temp_setting_value.
Wait for pin to go low, carry on.
Thus each time you press the button your variable increases by 1 (or whatever).
Someone can explain this much better, with an example of how to connect a button. The best way is usually interrupts.
I'm just saying it's easily possible. It's one of the millions of jobs a Micro does , like any menu or volume button on a product.... even the climate control temp setting on my car.
